{"id":3180,"date":"2025-05-14T15:37:04","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T07:37:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?post_type=product&p=3180"},"modified":"2025-05-14T15:39:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T07:39:06","slug":"ductile-iron-cover-and-frame","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/product\/ductile-iron-cover-and-frame","title":{"rendered":"\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 (\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 (EN 124\u060c ASTM A48\/A536\u060c AASHTO\u060c AWWA)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:: \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629)\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u061b \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u061b \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

1. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/h2>\n

\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644 ASTM A536 A536 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 65-45-12<\/strong><\/a> \u0623\u0648 ASTM A48 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 35B<\/strong>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 65000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 45000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    EN 124-2\/3<\/strong> (\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 A15 \u062d\u062a\u0649 F900\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u0622\u0634\u062a\u0648 \u0645 306\/\u0645 306\u0645<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0640 EN 124 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 U.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    AWWA C 111\/A21.11<\/strong> \u0648 ASTM A48\/A536<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n

    \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629\/\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 EN 124 (\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646)<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    A15<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B125<\/td>\n125<\/td>\n\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 + \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C250<\/td>\n250<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D400<\/td>\n400<\/td>\n\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    E600<\/td>\n600<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    F900<\/td>\n900<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 EN 124 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a AASHTO\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c H-20) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 20000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 (\u2248 89 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

    3. \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n

    \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 - \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

    3.1 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629)<\/h3>\n

    \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0644.<\/p>\n

    3.2 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 3.2 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 10-30 \u0645\u0645) \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 - \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

    3.3 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n

    \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n

    3.4 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641<\/h3>\n

    \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

    3.5 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644)<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \n

      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\/\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f EN 124 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3.6 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 EN 124 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 (B125-F900)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0642) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

      4. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a BS EN 124-2\/3:2015<\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

      4.1 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f EN 124<\/h3>\n
      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d<\/td>\n\u0623\u00d7\u0628<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n\u062c\u00d7\u062f<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/td>\nE<\/td>\n\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 + \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4.1: \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f EN 124<\/em><\/p>\n

      4.2 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n

      \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644 600 \u00d7 600 \u0645\u0645<\/strong> \u0648 800 \u00d7 600 \u0645\u0645<\/strong> \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 D400 (40 \u0637\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d (A\u00d7B)<\/th>\n\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 (C\u00d7D) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 X (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n\u062c\u00d7\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 Y (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (E) X\/Y (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      600 \u00d7 600<\/td>\n735 \u00d7 735<\/td>\n755 \u00d7 605<\/td>\n75 \/ 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      800 \u00d7 600<\/td>\n920 \u00d7 720<\/td>\n900 \u00d7 775<\/td>\n100 \/ 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4.2: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644<\/em><\/p>\n

      4.3 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n
      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 X<\/th>\n\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 Y<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (E) (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u00d8 600<\/td>\n\u00d8 750<\/td>\n\u00d8 750<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00d8 900<\/td>\n\u00d8 1060<\/td>\n\u00d8 1050<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4.3: \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/em><\/p>\n

      4.4 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n
      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\/\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0643\u062c\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 X<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 Y (\u0643\u062c\u0645)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      600 \u00d7 600 B125<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      600 \u00d7 600 D400<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00d8 600 B125<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00d8 600 D400<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4.4: \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/em><\/p>\n

      \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

      5. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639<\/strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u00b1 0.5 \u0645\u0645) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>-\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 900-950 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 2-4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a- \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 ASTM A536 (65000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 12 %). \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a (CMMs) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 EN 124-2\/3. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong>-\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 25 % \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646.<\/p>\n

      6. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 A<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 (\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u226510 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633<\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n

      7. \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n

      \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 EN 124:2015 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 1<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0621 (100000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 BSI \u0623\u0648 T\u00dcV. \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 EN 124 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 CE \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 BSI Kitemark<\/strong>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 AASHTO M 306<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 EN 124\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 1.5\u00d7 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629) \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 ASTM E 303 (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 AASHTO M 306 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 11 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\/\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u064b\/\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong> (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c D400\u060c H-20) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n

      8. \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/h2>\n

      \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a (BPN) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 45 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 D400 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/strong> (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 SLIPNOT) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 BPN > 60\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

      9. \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n

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      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (D400\u060c F900) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 20-50 % \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 1000 \u00d7 1000 \u0645\u0645) \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 30 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 ($20-$50 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 $10-$30 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f BSI Kitemark \u0623\u0648 AASHTO \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ($100-$200 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 (\u2265 100 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629) \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 10-15 1-15 % \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n

      10. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/h2>\n

      \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0645) \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/strong> (NDT)\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 5-7 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 20-30 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n

      1. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a EN 124 \u0645\u0646 A15 (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637) \u0625\u0644\u0649 F900 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 D400 (40 \u0637\u0646) \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a AASHTO H-20 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 25 % \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

      2. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 - \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

      3. \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/strong> \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 NDT \u0643\u0644 5-7 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

      4. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 BPN \u2265 45 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 ASTM E 303\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 (SLIPNOT) \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 BPNOT \u2265 60 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 GripTop \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 GripTop \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a D400\/E600\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639: \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      5. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/strong>-\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645 - \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

      6. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/strong>:: \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 15 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 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