{"id":4403,"date":"2025-06-20T18:09:02","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T10:09:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?p=4403"},"modified":"2025-06-20T18:09:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T10:09:02","slug":"benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062a 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data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"2214\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"1497\" data-end=\"1691\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"1499\" data-end=\"1691\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"1499\" data-end=\"1527\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1887\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1887\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1718\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"2034\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"1890\" data-end=\"2034\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"1890\" data-end=\"1904\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2035\" data-end=\"2214\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"2037\" data-end=\"2214\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2037\" data-end=\"2061\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2272\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2418\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2887\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2587\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2587\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2452\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/strong>: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2588\" data-end=\"2729\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"2590\" data-end=\"2729\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2590\" data-end=\"2607\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/strong>: \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2730\" data-end=\"2887\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"2732\" data-end=\"2887\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2732\" data-end=\"2756\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2889\" data-end=\"2943\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4. \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2945\" data-end=\"3028\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3030\" data-end=\"3576\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"3030\" data-end=\"3231\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"3032\" data-end=\"3231\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3032\" data-end=\"3054\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PVC \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3232\" data-end=\"3439\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"3234\" data-end=\"3439\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3234\" data-end=\"3262\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3440\" data-end=\"3576\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3576\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3455\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong>: \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 50 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3578\" data-end=\"3652\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5. \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"4393\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<thead data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3758\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<tr data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3758\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<th data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3685\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"3685\" data-end=\"3721\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"3721\" data-end=\"3739\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PVC<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"3739\" data-end=\"3758\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"3864\" data-end=\"4393\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<tr data-start=\"3864\" data-end=\"3969\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<td data-start=\"3864\" data-end=\"3896\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3896\" data-end=\"3932\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3932\" data-end=\"3950\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3950\" data-end=\"3969\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3970\" data-end=\"4075\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<td data-start=\"3970\" data-end=\"4002\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4002\" data-end=\"4038\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4038\" data-end=\"4056\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4056\" data-end=\"4075\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4076\" data-end=\"4181\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<td data-start=\"4076\" data-end=\"4108\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4108\" data-end=\"4144\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f (50-100 \u0633\u0646\u0629)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4144\" data-end=\"4162\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">20-40 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4162\" data-end=\"4181\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">30-50 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4182\" data-end=\"4287\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<td data-start=\"4182\" data-end=\"4214\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4214\" data-end=\"4250\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4250\" data-end=\"4268\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4268\" data-end=\"4287\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4288\" data-end=\"4393\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<td data-start=\"4288\" data-end=\"4320\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4320\" data-end=\"4356\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4356\" data-end=\"4374\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4374\" data-end=\"4393\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_4404\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4404\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp\" alt=\"\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\" width=\"360\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp 360w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4404\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"4395\" data-end=\"4490\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4492\" data-end=\"5107\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5109\" data-end=\"5149\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">7. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQs)<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"5151\" data-end=\"6501\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"5151\" data-end=\"5456\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5154\" data-end=\"5228\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\"><strong data-start=\"5154\" data-end=\"5228\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5232\" data-end=\"5456\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"5232\" data-end=\"5456\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5234\" data-end=\"5456\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5458\" data-end=\"5786\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5461\" data-end=\"5534\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\"><strong data-start=\"5461\" data-end=\"5534\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5538\" data-end=\"5786\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"5538\" data-end=\"5786\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5540\" data-end=\"5786\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5788\" data-end=\"6001\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5791\" data-end=\"5847\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\"><strong data-start=\"5791\" data-end=\"5847\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5851\" data-end=\"6001\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"5851\" data-end=\"6001\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"5853\" data-end=\"6001\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 50 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6003\" data-end=\"6220\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"6006\" data-end=\"6058\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\"><strong data-start=\"6006\" data-end=\"6058\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6062\" data-end=\"6220\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"6062\" data-end=\"6220\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"6064\" data-end=\"6220\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 100% \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6222\" data-end=\"6501\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"6225\" data-end=\"6295\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\"><strong data-start=\"6225\" data-end=\"6295\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6299\" data-end=\"6501\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<li data-start=\"6299\" data-end=\"6501\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\">\n<p data-start=\"6301\" data-end=\"6501\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-start=\"6503\" data-end=\"6520\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">8. \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6522\" data-end=\"6924\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6931\" data-end=\"6954\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"71a85dd9-81e2-46ee-9343-667bbdfe292b\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ductile_iron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 - \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/PRODUCTS\/SPECIFICATION\/F1238.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ASTM D1238 - \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2019\/07\/09\/2019-14583\/clarification-of-pipeline-safety-regulations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 - \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ansi.org\/standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (ANSI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwwa.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (IWWA)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641. \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0629. \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4404,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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The superior strength and corrosion resistance of ductile iron make these pipes an ideal choice for transporting potable water\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jingang LuoKaiwei\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-20T10:09:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"360\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"360\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Luokaiwei\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Luokaiwei\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/281af53461a6a2f505ceba0c8e66479f\"},\"headline\":\"Benefits and Applications of Ductile Iron Double Flanged Pipes for Water Systems\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-20T10:09:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html\"},\"wordCount\":984,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html\",\"name\":\"Benefits and Applications of Ductile Iron Double Flanged Pipes for Water Systems- Jingang LuoKaiwei\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/benefits-and-applications-of-ductile-iron-double-flanged-pipes-for-water-systems.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/t3bnp-h2vug.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-20T10:09:02+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ductile iron double-flanged pipes\u00a0feature two flanged ends designed to connect with bolts and gaskets, forming leak-proof joints. 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