{"id":3931,"date":"2025-05-30T16:43:44","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T08:43:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?p=3931"},"modified":"2025-05-30T16:43:44","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T08:43:44","slug":"ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644: \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"80\" data-end=\"1046\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"6b4896b8-a82e-4598-a497-7117790385e1\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 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\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3932\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644: \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 data-start=\"1451\" data-end=\"1508\">1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 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data-end=\"2600\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2668\" data-end=\"2975\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2982\" data-end=\"3030\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3032\" data-end=\"3459\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3461\" data-end=\"3477\"><strong data-start=\"3461\" data-end=\"3477\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3478\" data-end=\"4174\">\n<li data-start=\"3478\" data-end=\"3703\">\n<p data-start=\"3480\" data-end=\"3703\"><strong data-start=\"3480\" data-end=\"3501\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3704\" data-end=\"3957\">\n<p data-start=\"3706\" data-end=\"3957\"><strong data-start=\"3706\" data-end=\"3724\">\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 350 (\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629) \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 50.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3958\" data-end=\"4174\">\n<p data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"4174\"><strong data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"3977\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4176\" data-end=\"4409\">\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4466\"><strong data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4466\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4755\">\n<thead data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4515\">\n<tr data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4515\">\n<th data-start=\"4468\" data-end=\"4490\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"4490\" data-end=\"4515\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4755\">\n<tr data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4611\">\n<td data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4586\" data-col-size=\"sm\">6.35<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4586\" data-end=\"4611\" data-col-size=\"sm\">150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4612\" data-end=\"4659\">\n<td data-start=\"4612\" data-end=\"4634\" data-col-size=\"sm\">9.52<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4634\" data-end=\"4659\" data-col-size=\"sm\">200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4660\" data-end=\"4707\">\n<td data-start=\"4660\" data-end=\"4682\" data-col-size=\"sm\">12.7<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4682\" data-end=\"4707\" data-col-size=\"sm\">250<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4708\" data-end=\"4755\">\n<td data-start=\"4708\" data-end=\"4730\" data-col-size=\"sm\">15.24<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4730\" data-end=\"4755\" data-col-size=\"sm\">350<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"4762\" data-end=\"4809\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4811\" data-end=\"5128\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 - \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5130\" data-end=\"5146\"><strong data-start=\"5130\" data-end=\"5146\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5147\" data-end=\"6175\">\n<li data-start=\"5147\" data-end=\"5453\">\n<p data-start=\"5149\" data-end=\"5453\"><strong data-start=\"5149\" data-end=\"5165\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/strong>: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5454\" data-end=\"5755\">\n<p data-start=\"5456\" data-end=\"5755\"><strong data-start=\"5456\" data-end=\"5475\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5756\" data-end=\"5993\">\n<p data-start=\"5758\" data-end=\"5993\"><strong data-start=\"5758\" data-end=\"5781\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5994\" data-end=\"6175\">\n<p data-start=\"5996\" data-end=\"6175\"><strong data-start=\"5996\" data-end=\"6021\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6177\" data-end=\"6457\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6508\"><strong data-start=\"6459\" data-end=\"6508\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2: \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"6510\" data-end=\"6744\">\n<thead data-start=\"6510\" data-end=\"6556\">\n<tr data-start=\"6510\" data-end=\"6556\">\n<th data-start=\"6510\" data-end=\"6531\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"6531\" data-end=\"6556\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"6604\" data-end=\"6744\">\n<tr data-start=\"6604\" data-end=\"6650\">\n<td data-start=\"6604\" data-end=\"6625\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6625\" data-end=\"6650\" data-col-size=\"sm\">150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6651\" data-end=\"6697\">\n<td data-start=\"6651\" data-end=\"6672\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6672\" data-end=\"6697\" data-col-size=\"sm\">250<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6698\" data-end=\"6744\">\n<td data-start=\"6698\" data-end=\"6719\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6719\" data-end=\"6744\" data-col-size=\"sm\">300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"6751\" data-end=\"6796\">4. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6798\" data-end=\"7143\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7145\" data-end=\"7541\">\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 350 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 350 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 250 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7543\" data-end=\"7566\"><strong data-start=\"7543\" data-end=\"7566\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7567\" data-end=\"8178\">\n<li data-start=\"7567\" data-end=\"7822\">\n<p data-start=\"7569\" data-end=\"7822\"><strong data-start=\"7569\" data-end=\"7594\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7823\" data-end=\"7967\">\n<p data-start=\"7825\" data-end=\"7967\"><strong data-start=\"7825\" data-end=\"7842\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7968\" data-end=\"8178\">\n<p data-start=\"7970\" data-end=\"8178\"><strong data-start=\"7970\" data-end=\"8001\">\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8185\" data-end=\"8249\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"8251\" data-end=\"8482\">\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8484\" data-end=\"8833\">\n<li data-start=\"8484\" data-end=\"8603\">\n<p data-start=\"8486\" data-end=\"8603\"><strong data-start=\"8486\" data-end=\"8499\">AWWA C151<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8604\" data-end=\"8722\">\n<p data-start=\"8606\" data-end=\"8722\"><strong data-start=\"8606\" data-end=\"8618\">ISO 2531<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8723\" data-end=\"8833\">\n<p data-start=\"8725\" data-end=\"8833\"><strong data-start=\"8725\" data-end=\"8735\">EN 545<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"8835\" data-end=\"9047\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"9054\" data-end=\"9108\">6. \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"9110\" data-end=\"9247\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9249\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<li data-start=\"9249\" data-end=\"9366\">\n<p data-start=\"9251\" data-end=\"9366\"><strong data-start=\"9251\" data-end=\"9274\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9367\" data-end=\"9473\">\n<p data-start=\"9369\" data-end=\"9473\"><strong data-start=\"9369\" data-end=\"9390\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9474\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<p data-start=\"9476\" data-end=\"9632\"><strong data-start=\"9476\" data-end=\"9493\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9634\" data-end=\"9778\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"9785\" data-end=\"9832\">7. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"9834\" data-end=\"10121\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10123\" data-end=\"10404\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 350 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"10411\" data-end=\"10448\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQs)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"10450\" data-end=\"10545\"><strong data-start=\"10450\" data-end=\"10545\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10547\" data-end=\"10825\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10827\" data-end=\"10900\"><strong data-start=\"10827\" data-end=\"10900\">2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10902\" data-end=\"11172\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"6b4896b8-a82e-4598-a497-7117790385e1\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11174\" data-end=\"11249\"><strong data-start=\"11174\" data-end=\"11249\">3. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11251\" data-end=\"11478\">\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11480\" data-end=\"11542\"><strong data-start=\"11480\" data-end=\"11542\">4. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11544\" data-end=\"11744\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11746\" data-end=\"11809\"><strong data-start=\"11746\" data-end=\"11809\">5. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11811\" data-end=\"12041\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12043\" data-end=\"12121\"><strong data-start=\"12043\" data-end=\"12121\">6. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12123\" data-end=\"12292\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 AWWA C151 \u0648ISO 2531 \u0648EN 545\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awwa.org\/Standards\/Production-Standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">AWWA C151: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/59460.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 ISO 2531: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.en-standard.eu\/bs-en-545-2010-ductile-iron-pipes-fittings-accessories-and-valves-for-water-industrial-process-and-waste-water-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">EN 545: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a EN 545: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/news-events\/news\/2019\/01\/understanding-materials-and-performance-testing-ductile-iron-pipes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.engineeringtoolbox.com\/pressure-rating-pipes-d_945.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628) \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 (\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644). \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3932,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ductile Iron Pipe Pressure Ratings: Barrel vs. Joint Performance Explained- Jingang LuoKaiwei<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore the differences between barrel and joint pressure ratings for ductile iron pipes. Learn how material properties, joint design, and installation affect pipe performance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ductile Iron Pipe Pressure Ratings: Barrel vs. Joint Performance Explained- Jingang LuoKaiwei\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Explore the differences between barrel and joint pressure ratings for ductile iron pipes. Learn how material properties, joint design, and installation affect pipe performance.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jingang LuoKaiwei\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-30T08:43:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Luokaiwei\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Luokaiwei\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/281af53461a6a2f505ceba0c8e66479f\"},\"headline\":\"Ductile Iron Pipe Pressure Ratings: Barrel vs. Joint Performance Explained\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-30T08:43:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\"},\"wordCount\":1690,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html\",\"name\":\"Ductile Iron Pipe Pressure Ratings: Barrel vs. Joint Performance Explained- Jingang LuoKaiwei\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ductile-iron-pipe-pressure-ratings-barrel-vs-joint-performance-explained.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/t4poe-bcozi.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-30T08:43:44+00:00\",\"description\":\"Explore the differences between barrel and joint pressure ratings for ductile iron pipes. 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