{"id":3524,"date":"2025-05-28T14:21:40","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T06:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?p=3524"},"modified":"2025-05-30T09:14:30","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T01:14:30","slug":"guide-to-hazen-williams-c-factor-for-cement-lined-ductile-iron-pipes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/guide-to-hazen-williams-c-factor-for-cement-lined-ductile-iron-pipes.html","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 C-\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"702\" data-end=\"1092\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C-\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 140-150\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642. \u064a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3526\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3526\" style=\"width: 893px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tbhvn-spgdq.webp\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3526\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tbhvn-spgdq.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C- \u0647\u064a\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\" width=\"893\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tbhvn-spgdq.webp 893w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tbhvn-spgdq-300x146.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tbhvn-spgdq-768x374.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3526\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C- \u0647\u064a\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1149\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">1. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1151\" data-end=\"1441\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644) \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 C \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 <em data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1355\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">L<\/em> (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 <em data-start=\"1374\" data-end=\"1377\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">D<\/em> (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 <em data-start=\"1403\" data-end=\"1406\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">Q<\/em> (gpm)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 <em data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1432\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062d\u0640<\/em> (\u0642\u062f\u0645) \u0647\u0648:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3525\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3525\" style=\"width: 284px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ahhof-fijj1.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ahhof-fijj1.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632\" width=\"284\" height=\"74\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3525\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1771\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1642\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"1516\" data-end=\"1642\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"1516\" data-end=\"1548\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 C (C):<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 <em data-start=\"1597\" data-end=\"1600\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">C<\/em> \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1643\" data-end=\"1771\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1666\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\"><strong data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1664\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1669\" data-end=\"1771\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"1669\" data-end=\"1703\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"1671\" data-end=\"1703\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646: C \u2248 100-120<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1706\" data-end=\"1748\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"1708\" data-end=\"1748\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a: C \u2248 140-150<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1751\" data-end=\"1771\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1771\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f: C \u2248 150<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1773\" data-end=\"1807\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"2112\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2114\" data-end=\"2143\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">1.2 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2145\" data-end=\"2175\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2177\" data-end=\"2423\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"2177\" data-end=\"2260\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"2179\" data-end=\"2260\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2179\" data-end=\"2202\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d:<\/strong> \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 <em data-start=\"2256\" data-end=\"2259\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">C<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2261\" data-end=\"2355\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"2263\" data-end=\"2355\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2263\" data-end=\"2288\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2356\" data-end=\"2423\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2423\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2379\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2425\" data-end=\"2471\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">1.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"3277\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<thead data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"2633\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<tr data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"2633\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<th data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"2494\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2551\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2551\" data-end=\"2591\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2591\" data-end=\"2633\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"2796\" data-end=\"3277\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<tr data-start=\"2796\" data-end=\"2956\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"2796\" data-end=\"2817\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"2817\" data-end=\"2874\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><em data-start=\"2819\" data-end=\"2823\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062d\u0640<\/em> \u221d <em data-start=\"2826\" data-end=\"2829\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">Q<\/em>\u00b9\u2024\u2078\u2075\/(C\u00b9\u2024\u2078\u2075-<em data-start=\"2841\" data-end=\"2844\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">D<\/em>\u2074\u2024\u2078\u2077)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"2874\" data-end=\"2914\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"2914\" data-end=\"2956\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u061b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f T\u060c \u03bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2957\" data-end=\"3118\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"2957\" data-end=\"2977\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a-\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"2977\" data-end=\"3035\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><em data-start=\"2979\" data-end=\"2983\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062d\u0640<\/em> = <em data-start=\"2986\" data-end=\"2989\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">f<\/em>-(L\/D)-(v\u00b2\/2g)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3035\" data-end=\"3076\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3076\" data-end=\"3118\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 <em data-start=\"3102\" data-end=\"3105\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">f<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3119\" data-end=\"3277\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"3119\" data-end=\"3139\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a-\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0631<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3139\" data-end=\"3196\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><em data-start=\"3141\" data-end=\"3144\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">V<\/em> = (1.49\/\u0646) -R\u00b2\u141f\u00b3-S\u00b9\u141f\u00b2<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3196\" data-end=\"3236\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3236\" data-end=\"3277\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-start=\"3279\" data-end=\"3386\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><em data-start=\"3279\" data-end=\"3286\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/em> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3458\" data-end=\"3527\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">2. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3529\" data-end=\"3717\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 (DIP) \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: AWWA C104\/A21.4.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3719\" data-end=\"3747\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">2.1 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"3749\" data-end=\"3975\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"3749\" data-end=\"3859\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"3751\" data-end=\"3803\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3751\" data-end=\"3764\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> ASTM A536 A536 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 60-42-10 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3806\" data-end=\"3859\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"3806\" data-end=\"3835\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"3808\" data-end=\"3835\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u2265 60 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3838\" data-end=\"3859\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"3840\" data-end=\"3859\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u2265 10 %<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"3922\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"3862\" data-end=\"3922\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3862\" data-end=\"3874\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3923\" data-end=\"3975\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"3925\" data-end=\"3975\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"3925\" data-end=\"3939\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3977\" data-end=\"4006\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">2.2 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"4008\" data-end=\"4313\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"4008\" data-end=\"4072\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4011\" data-end=\"4072\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4011\" data-end=\"4031\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642:<\/strong> \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4073\" data-end=\"4183\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4076\" data-end=\"4183\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4076\" data-end=\"4099\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646:<\/strong> \u0631\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 0.01 \u00d7 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 0.08 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4184\" data-end=\"4247\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4187\" data-end=\"4247\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4187\" data-end=\"4198\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4248\" data-end=\"4313\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4251\" data-end=\"4313\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4251\" data-end=\"4271\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-start=\"4315\" data-end=\"4343\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">2.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"4345\" data-end=\"4562\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"4345\" data-end=\"4418\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4347\" data-end=\"4418\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4347\" data-end=\"4378\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628:<\/strong> \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 <em data-start=\"4384\" data-end=\"4387\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">C<\/em> \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4419\" data-end=\"4488\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4421\" data-end=\"4488\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4421\" data-end=\"4448\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4489\" data-end=\"4562\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"4491\" data-end=\"4562\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"4491\" data-end=\"4514\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4599\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">2.4 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4601\" data-end=\"4747\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a 75 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4819\" data-end=\"4857\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">3. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4859\" data-end=\"4976\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4978\" data-end=\"5006\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"5008\" data-end=\"5092\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"5008\" data-end=\"5038\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"5010\" data-end=\"5038\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"5010\" data-end=\"5024\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> 12 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5039\" data-end=\"5067\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"5041\" data-end=\"5067\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"5041\" data-end=\"5055\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642:<\/strong> 3,000 \u062c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5068\" data-end=\"5092\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"5070\" data-end=\"5092\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"5070\" data-end=\"5081\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 1,000 \u0642\u062f\u0645<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5094\" data-end=\"5124\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">3.2 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"5126\" data-end=\"5753\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<thead data-start=\"5126\" data-end=\"5229\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<tr data-start=\"5126\" data-end=\"5229\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<th data-start=\"5126\" data-end=\"5156\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5156\" data-end=\"5167\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \"\u062c<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5167\" data-end=\"5193\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 (\u0642\u062f\u0645\/1,000 \u0642\u062f\u0645\/1,000 \u0642\u062f\u0645)<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5193\" data-end=\"5229\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"5335\" data-end=\"5753\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<tr data-start=\"5335\" data-end=\"5438\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"5335\" data-end=\"5365\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5365\" data-end=\"5376\">110<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5376\" data-end=\"5402\">29.8<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5402\" data-end=\"5438\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"5439\" data-end=\"5543\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"5439\" data-end=\"5470\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5470\" data-end=\"5481\">145<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5481\" data-end=\"5507\">11.5<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5507\" data-end=\"5543\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">61 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"5544\" data-end=\"5648\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"5544\" data-end=\"5575\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 (C=150)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5575\" data-end=\"5586\">150<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5586\" data-end=\"5612\">10.4<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5612\" data-end=\"5648\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">65 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"5649\" data-end=\"5753\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<td data-start=\"5649\" data-end=\"5680\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (C=150)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5680\" data-end=\"5691\">150<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5691\" data-end=\"5717\">10.4<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5717\" data-end=\"5753\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">65 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"5755\" data-end=\"5783\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">3.3 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5785\" data-end=\"5859\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e \u0639\u0646\u062f 100 \u0642\u062f\u0645\/\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 $0.10 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\/\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5861\" data-end=\"5958\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"5861\" data-end=\"5958\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"5863\" data-end=\"5958\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"5863\" data-end=\"5889\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><br data-start=\"5889\" data-end=\"5892\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 DIP: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a $12,000 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 12 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"6030\" data-end=\"6082\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6084\" data-end=\"6163\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <em data-start=\"6098\" data-end=\"6101\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">C<\/em> \u0644 DIP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0648 ~ 145\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6165\" data-end=\"6202\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6204\" data-end=\"6341\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"6204\" data-end=\"6264\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6206\" data-end=\"6264\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6206\" data-end=\"6227\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6265\" data-end=\"6341\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6267\" data-end=\"6341\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6267\" data-end=\"6287\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u061b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"6343\" data-end=\"6378\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6380\" data-end=\"6536\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"6380\" data-end=\"6451\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6382\" data-end=\"6451\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6382\" data-end=\"6403\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6452\" data-end=\"6536\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6454\" data-end=\"6536\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6454\" data-end=\"6478\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"6538\" data-end=\"6563\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4.3 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6565\" data-end=\"6687\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"6565\" data-end=\"6622\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6567\" data-end=\"6622\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6567\" data-end=\"6585\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6623\" data-end=\"6687\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6625\" data-end=\"6687\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6625\" data-end=\"6649\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"6689\" data-end=\"6726\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">4.4 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6728\" data-end=\"6894\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"6728\" data-end=\"6804\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6730\" data-end=\"6804\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6730\" data-end=\"6759\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (ILI):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6805\" data-end=\"6894\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"6807\" data-end=\"6894\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"6807\" data-end=\"6829\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 (CIPP) \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"6966\" data-end=\"7007\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"7009\" data-end=\"7036\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7234\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7097\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7040\" data-end=\"7097\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7040\" data-end=\"7060\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">AWWA C104\/A21.4:<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7098\" data-end=\"7154\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7100\" data-end=\"7154\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7100\" data-end=\"7113\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">ISO 4179:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7155\" data-end=\"7234\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7157\" data-end=\"7234\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7157\" data-end=\"7168\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">EN 545:<\/strong> \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7236\" data-end=\"7273\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5.2 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7275\" data-end=\"7322\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 EPANET \u0648 WaterGEMS):<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7324\" data-end=\"7438\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"7324\" data-end=\"7372\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7326\" data-end=\"7372\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7326\" data-end=\"7340\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062c:<\/strong> 145-150 \u0644\u0640 DIP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7373\" data-end=\"7438\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7375\" data-end=\"7438\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7375\" data-end=\"7390\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644:<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c -2 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7440\" data-end=\"7471\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5.3 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7473\" data-end=\"7488\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7490\" data-end=\"7671\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"7490\" data-end=\"7551\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7492\" data-end=\"7551\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7492\" data-end=\"7509\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5 %) \u0639\u0644\u0649 DIP \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7552\" data-end=\"7618\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7554\" data-end=\"7618\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7554\" data-end=\"7575\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7619\" data-end=\"7671\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7621\" data-end=\"7671\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7621\" data-end=\"7642\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7673\" data-end=\"7712\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">5.4 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7714\" data-end=\"7738\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 DIP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7740\" data-end=\"7911\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"7740\" data-end=\"7793\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7742\" data-end=\"7793\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7742\" data-end=\"7760\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f 100 % \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7794\" data-end=\"7858\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7796\" data-end=\"7858\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7796\" data-end=\"7810\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631:<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7859\" data-end=\"7911\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"7861\" data-end=\"7911\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"7861\" data-end=\"7883\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"7983\" data-end=\"8023\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"8025\" data-end=\"8053\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8055\" data-end=\"8179\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"8055\" data-end=\"8109\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8057\" data-end=\"8109\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8057\" data-end=\"8071\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8110\" data-end=\"8179\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8112\" data-end=\"8179\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8112\" data-end=\"8132\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639:<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8181\" data-end=\"8210\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6.2 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8212\" data-end=\"8345\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"8212\" data-end=\"8291\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8214\" data-end=\"8291\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8214\" data-end=\"8232\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8292\" data-end=\"8345\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8294\" data-end=\"8345\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8294\" data-end=\"8308\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8347\" data-end=\"8369\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8371\" data-end=\"8511\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"8371\" data-end=\"8436\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8373\" data-end=\"8436\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8373\" data-end=\"8395\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8437\" data-end=\"8511\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8439\" data-end=\"8511\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8439\" data-end=\"8458\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641:<\/strong> \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u061b \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8513\" data-end=\"8546\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6.4 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8548\" data-end=\"8672\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"8548\" data-end=\"8608\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8550\" data-end=\"8608\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8550\" data-end=\"8571\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1.5 \u00d7 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8609\" data-end=\"8672\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8611\" data-end=\"8672\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8611\" data-end=\"8644\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8674\" data-end=\"8713\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">6.5 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8715\" data-end=\"8828\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"8715\" data-end=\"8777\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8717\" data-end=\"8777\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8717\" data-end=\"8739\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8778\" data-end=\"8828\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"8780\" data-end=\"8828\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8780\" data-end=\"8804\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"8900\" data-end=\"8936\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQs)<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"8938\" data-end=\"9810\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"8938\" data-end=\"9025\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 C \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u061f<\/strong><br data-start=\"9025\" data-end=\"9028\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 140 \u0648150. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9812\" data-end=\"10875\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"9812\" data-end=\"9889\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 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data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q3. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/strong><br data-start=\"10953\" data-end=\"10956\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 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\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a-\u0648\u064a\u0632\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 (<em data-start=\"11482\" data-end=\"11485\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">f<\/em>) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11925\" data-end=\"12871\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"11925\" data-end=\"11997\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q4. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br data-start=\"11997\" data-end=\"12000\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637\u061b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647. \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12873\" data-end=\"13008\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"12873\" data-end=\"12956\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q5. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br data-start=\"12956\" data-end=\"12959\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"13009\" data-end=\"14017\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<li data-start=\"13009\" data-end=\"13211\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"13011\" data-end=\"13211\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"13011\" data-end=\"13038\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 PVC \u0648HDPE \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 150 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 DIP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 350 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13212\" data-end=\"13360\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"13214\" data-end=\"13360\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"13214\" data-end=\"13238\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13361\" data-end=\"13515\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"13363\" data-end=\"13515\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"13363\" data-end=\"13389\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 DIP \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13516\" data-end=\"13705\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"13518\" data-end=\"13705\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"13518\" data-end=\"13537\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629:<\/strong> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 75 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13706\" data-end=\"14017\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\n<p data-start=\"13708\" data-end=\"14017\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"13708\" data-end=\"13733\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<br data-start=\"13854\" data-end=\"13857\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 - \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 - \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"14019\" data-end=\"14972\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\"><strong data-start=\"14019\" data-end=\"14103\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" data-immersive-translate-paragraph=\"1\">Q6. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><br data-start=\"14103\" data-end=\"14106\" data-immersive-translate-walked=\"b672b9e5-9e4a-4ac7-881b-d03cc261cff2\" \/>\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0636\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 C \u0644\u0643\u0644 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639. \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 C \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u061b \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/h2>\n<p>1. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.awwa.org\/standards\/all-standards\/standard-detail\/articleid\/196\/c104-a214-cement-mortar-lining-for-ductile-iron-pipe-and-fittings-for-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">AWWA C104\/A21.4 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/34287.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ISO 4179:2005 - \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sustainable-water-infrastructure\/information-pipe-materials\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hazen%E2%80%93Williams_equation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 - \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cement-lining significantly enhances the hydraulic performance of ductile iron pipes by raising the Hazen-Williams C-factor to approximately 140\u2013150, minimizing head loss and maximizing flow efficiency. This conclusion guides engineers to specify cement-lined ductile iron pipe for projects requiring superior long-term hydraulic capacity, corrosion resistance, and maintenance reliability. 1. Fundamentals of C-Factor in Hydraulic Design The [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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