{"id":3291,"date":"2025-05-19T15:44:29","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T07:44:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?p=3291"},"modified":"2025-05-30T10:47:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T02:47:06","slug":"ductile-iron-pipe-coating-complete-guide-to-types-methods-standards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/ductile-iron-pipe-coating-complete-guide-to-types-methods-standards.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (AWWA\u060c ISO\u060c EN\u060c NSF)\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 - \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 V-Bio\u00ae \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 - \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\"\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/a>
\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645)<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 - \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 - \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 1 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 AWWA C151\/A21.51. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

2.2 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 (\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0629 99.99 %) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 200 \u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u00b2 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639)\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 8180 \u0648AS\/NZS 2280. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

2.3 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 (PE) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (4-8 \u0645\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 V-Bio\u00ae (>8 \u0645\u0644) \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

2.4 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c (FBE)<\/h3>\n

\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a FBE \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 C116 \u0645\u0646 AWWA C116\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 12-15 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

3. \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

3.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a (1.5 - 3 \u0645\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 AWWA C104\/A21.4 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643.<\/p>\n

3.2 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c (FBE)<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a FBE \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (10-25 \u0645\u0644) \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644 AWWA C116\/A21.16 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n

3.3 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a <4.5 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 (Tnemec Series 46H-413) \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3.4 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

4. \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n

4.1 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631)<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n~1 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\nAWWA C151\/C151\/A21.51<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0642\/\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 + \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n200 \u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u00b2 + 1 \u0645\u0644 + 1 \u0645\u0644<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\nISO 8180\u060c AS\/NZS 2280<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 PE<\/td>\n4-8 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a)\u060c \u2265 8 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 (V-Bio\u00ae)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/td>\nAWWA C105\/C105\/A21.5<\/td>\n\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FBE (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a)<\/td>\n12-15 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\nAWWA C116\/A21.16<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

4.2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631)<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a-\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n1.5 - 3 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633<\/td>\nAWWA C104\/C104\/A21.4<\/td>\n\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FBE (\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a)<\/td>\n10-25 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\nAWWA C116\/A21.16<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n8-20 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Tnemec)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c (\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646)<\/td>\n0.5-2 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n10-30 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\nNSF 61<\/td>\n\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

5. \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n