{"id":2945,"date":"2025-05-12T10:29:13","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T02:29:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/?p=2945"},"modified":"2025-05-30T13:46:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T05:46:06","slug":"8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 (2025)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (OD) \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/product\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-outside-diameter-in-mm\/\">\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/a>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2946\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2946\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj.webp\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2946\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 OD\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2946\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 OD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"1348\" data-end=\"1389\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 8 OD\u061f<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1391\" data-end=\"1834\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (OD) \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f 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\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (ID). \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1836\" data-end=\"2023\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2025\" data-end=\"2082\">2. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 OD<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2948\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2084\" data-end=\"2348\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2348\"><strong data-start=\"2086\" data-end=\"2113\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2352\" data-end=\"2527\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2354\" data-end=\"2527\"><strong data-start=\"2354\" data-end=\"2378\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong>: \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2529\" data-end=\"2730\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2531\" data-end=\"2730\"><strong data-start=\"2531\" data-end=\"2548\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/strong>: \u062d\u062c\u0645 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 OD \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0647. \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2732\" data-end=\"2948\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2734\" data-end=\"2948\"><strong data-start=\"2734\" data-end=\"2749\">\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2950\" data-end=\"3014\">3. \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3016\" data-end=\"3120\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 OD:<\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3766\">\n<thead data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3184\">\n<tr data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3184\">\n<th data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3152\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"3124\" data-end=\"3151\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"3152\" data-end=\"3184\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"3154\" data-end=\"3182\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"3248\" data-end=\"3766\">\n<tr data-start=\"3248\" data-end=\"3311\">\n<td data-start=\"3248\" data-end=\"3279\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a (NPS)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3279\" data-end=\"3311\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3312\" data-end=\"3374\">\n<td data-start=\"3312\" data-end=\"3342\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (OD)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3342\" data-end=\"3374\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8.625 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (219.08 \u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3375\" data-end=\"3442\">\n<td data-start=\"3375\" data-end=\"3405\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3405\" data-end=\"3442\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0.25 - 0.50 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (6.35 - 12.7 \u0645\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3443\" data-end=\"3509\">\n<td data-start=\"3443\" data-end=\"3473\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3473\" data-end=\"3509\" data-col-size=\"sm\">15.6 - 18.3 \u0631\u0637\u0644\u0627\u064b (7.07 - 8.29 \u0643\u062c\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3510\" data-end=\"3572\">\n<td data-start=\"3510\" data-end=\"3540\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3540\" data-end=\"3572\" data-col-size=\"sm\">150 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (1.03 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3573\" data-end=\"3635\">\n<td data-start=\"3573\" data-end=\"3603\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3603\" data-end=\"3635\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3703\">\n<td data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3666\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3666\" data-end=\"3703\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3704\" data-end=\"3766\">\n<td data-start=\"3704\" data-end=\"3734\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3734\" data-end=\"3766\" data-col-size=\"sm\">ISO 2531\u060c AWWA C151\u060c EN 545<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3768\" data-end=\"3988\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"3990\" data-end=\"4059\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 (ISO\u060c EN\u060c AWWA)<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4257\">\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4259\" data-end=\"4827\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"4259\" data-end=\"4417\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4261\" data-end=\"4417\"><strong data-start=\"4261\" data-end=\"4273\">ISO 2531<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"4418\" data-end=\"4635\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4420\" data-end=\"4635\"><strong data-start=\"4420\" data-end=\"4433\">AWWA C151<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 (AWWA) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"4636\" data-end=\"4827\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4638\" data-end=\"4827\"><strong data-start=\"4638\" data-end=\"4648\">EN 545<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4829\" data-end=\"4953\">\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"4955\" data-end=\"5003\">5. \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5005\" data-end=\"5076\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5078\" data-end=\"5563\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5078\" data-end=\"5184\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5080\" data-end=\"5184\"><strong data-start=\"5080\" data-end=\"5110\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/strong>: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5185\" data-end=\"5302\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5187\" data-end=\"5302\"><strong data-start=\"5187\" data-end=\"5218\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5303\" data-end=\"5454\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5305\" data-end=\"5454\"><strong data-start=\"5305\" data-end=\"5332\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5455\" data-end=\"5563\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5457\" data-end=\"5563\"><strong data-start=\"5457\" data-end=\"5471\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5565\" data-end=\"5669\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"5671\" data-end=\"5735\">6. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5737\" data-end=\"5828\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"5830\" data-end=\"6902\">\n<thead data-start=\"5830\" data-end=\"5963\">\n<tr data-start=\"5830\" data-end=\"5963\">\n<th data-start=\"5830\" data-end=\"5859\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"5832\" data-end=\"5845\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5859\" data-end=\"5890\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"5861\" data-end=\"5889\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5890\" data-end=\"5913\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"5892\" data-end=\"5904\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5913\" data-end=\"5938\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"5915\" data-end=\"5929\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"5938\" data-end=\"5963\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"5940\" data-end=\"5955\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"6098\" data-end=\"6902\">\n<tr data-start=\"6098\" data-end=\"6230\">\n<td data-start=\"6098\" data-end=\"6127\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6100\" data-end=\"6112\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6127\" data-end=\"6157\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6157\" data-end=\"6180\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6180\" data-end=\"6205\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6205\" data-end=\"6230\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6231\" data-end=\"6369\">\n<td data-start=\"6231\" data-end=\"6260\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6233\" data-end=\"6257\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6260\" data-end=\"6290\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6290\" data-end=\"6314\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6314\" data-end=\"6344\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 (\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6369\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b (\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6370\" data-end=\"6502\">\n<td data-start=\"6370\" data-end=\"6399\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6372\" data-end=\"6382\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6399\" data-end=\"6429\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6429\" data-end=\"6452\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6452\" data-end=\"6477\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6477\" data-end=\"6502\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6503\" data-end=\"6636\">\n<td data-start=\"6503\" data-end=\"6532\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6505\" data-end=\"6526\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6532\" data-end=\"6562\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6562\" data-end=\"6585\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6585\" data-end=\"6611\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6611\" data-end=\"6636\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6637\" data-end=\"6769\">\n<td data-start=\"6637\" data-end=\"6666\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6653\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6666\" data-end=\"6696\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6696\" data-end=\"6719\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6719\" data-end=\"6744\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6744\" data-end=\"6769\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6770\" data-end=\"6902\">\n<td data-start=\"6770\" data-end=\"6799\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"6772\" data-end=\"6780\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6799\" data-end=\"6829\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6829\" data-end=\"6852\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6852\" data-end=\"6877\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6877\" data-end=\"6902\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"6904\" data-end=\"7060\">\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"7062\" data-end=\"7126\">7. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7128\" data-end=\"7200\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7202\" data-end=\"7824\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7202\" data-end=\"7309\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7204\" data-end=\"7309\"><strong data-start=\"7204\" data-end=\"7224\">\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7310\" data-end=\"7475\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7312\" data-end=\"7475\"><strong data-start=\"7312\" data-end=\"7328\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7476\" data-end=\"7599\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7478\" data-end=\"7599\"><strong data-start=\"7478\" data-end=\"7503\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7600\" data-end=\"7698\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7602\" data-end=\"7698\"><strong data-start=\"7602\" data-end=\"7614\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7699\" data-end=\"7824\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7701\" data-end=\"7824\"><strong data-start=\"7701\" data-end=\"7726\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"7826\" data-end=\"7893\">8. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7895\" data-end=\"7969\">\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7971\" data-end=\"8095\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7971\" data-end=\"7994\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7973\" data-end=\"7994\"><strong data-start=\"7973\" data-end=\"7988\">\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"7995\" data-end=\"8022\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"7997\" data-end=\"8022\"><strong data-start=\"7997\" data-end=\"8013\">\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"8023\" data-end=\"8071\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8025\" data-end=\"8071\"><strong data-start=\"8025\" data-end=\"8063\">\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0646\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"8072\" data-end=\"8095\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8095\"><strong data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8087\">\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8097\" data-end=\"8269\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"8271\" data-end=\"8311\">9. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8313\" data-end=\"8391\"><strong data-start=\"8313\" data-end=\"8391\">\u06331: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8392\" data-end=\"8605\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"8392\" data-end=\"8605\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8394\" data-end=\"8605\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8607\" data-end=\"8658\"><strong data-start=\"8607\" data-end=\"8658\">\u06332: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8659\" data-end=\"8826\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"8659\" data-end=\"8826\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8661\" data-end=\"8826\">\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 50 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8828\" data-end=\"8892\"><strong data-start=\"8828\" data-end=\"8892\">\u06333: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8893\" data-end=\"9048\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"8893\" data-end=\"9048\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"8895\" data-end=\"9048\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9050\" data-end=\"9124\"><strong data-start=\"9050\" data-end=\"9124\">\u06334: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PVC \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9125\" data-end=\"9359\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"9125\" data-end=\"9359\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9127\" data-end=\"9359\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 PVC \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9361\" data-end=\"9418\"><strong data-start=\"9361\" data-end=\"9418\">\u06335: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9419\" data-end=\"9598\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"9419\" data-end=\"9598\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9421\" data-end=\"9598\">\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 36 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9600\" data-end=\"9652\"><strong data-start=\"9600\" data-end=\"9652\">\u06336: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 8 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9653\" data-end=\"9841\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"9653\" data-end=\"9841\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"9655\" data-end=\"9841\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ductile_iron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 - \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/63739.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648 2531: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awwa.org\/Standards\/Transmission-and-Distribution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">AWWA C151 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cen.eu\/work\/areas\/construction\/Pages\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">CEN - \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a (EN 545)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.municipalgroup.com\/ductile-iron-pipe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ductile iron pipes are known for their strength, durability, and corrosion resistance, making them ideal for a variety of applications, from water distribution to sewage systems. The Outer Diameter (OD) of ductile iron pipes plays a crucial role in determining their functionality, fitting compatibility, and pressure rating. In this comprehensive guide, we will focus on [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>8-Inch Ductile Iron Pipe OD: Dimensions, Standards, Costs (2025) - Jingang LuoKaiwei<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore everything about the 8-inch ductile iron pipe OD, including its dimensions, standards, applications, and cost factors. Learn why it\u2019s a preferred choice for industrial and municipal use in 2025.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"8-Inch Ductile Iron Pipe OD: Dimensions, Standards, Costs (2025) - Jingang LuoKaiwei\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Explore everything about the 8-inch ductile iron pipe OD, including its dimensions, standards, applications, and cost factors. Learn why it\u2019s a preferred choice for industrial and municipal use in 2025.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/ar\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jingang LuoKaiwei\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-12T02:29:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-30T05:46:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/tw09o-929bj.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Luokaiwei\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Luokaiwei\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/281af53461a6a2f505ceba0c8e66479f\"},\"headline\":\"8-Inch Ductile Iron Pipe OD: Dimensions, Standards, and Costs (2025)\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-12T02:29:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T05:46:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\"},\"wordCount\":1190,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/05\\\/tw09o-929bj.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html\",\"name\":\"8-Inch Ductile Iron Pipe OD: Dimensions, Standards, Costs (2025) - Jingang LuoKaiwei\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/8-inch-ductile-iron-pipe-od-dimensions-standards-and-costs-2025.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ductileironsuppliers.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/05\\\/tw09o-929bj.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-12T02:29:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T05:46:06+00:00\",\"description\":\"Explore everything about the 8-inch ductile iron pipe OD, including its dimensions, standards, applications, and cost factors. 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